This guide demonstrates visualization techniques for cytokine activity data generated by scaper.
library(scaper)
library(Seurat)
library(pheatmap)
# Compute cytokine activities
data(pbmc_small)
result <- scapeForSeurat(pbmc_small, database = "cytosig",
cytokine = "all", normalize = TRUE)
# Extract activity matrix
activity <- as.matrix(GetAssayData(result, assay = "scape", slot = "data"))
# Create heatmap
pheatmap(
activity,
fontsize_row = 6,
fontsize_col = 4,
cluster_rows = TRUE,
cluster_cols = TRUE,
color = colorRampPalette(c("blue", "white", "red"))(100),
main = "Cytokine Activity Heatmap"
)# Add activities to metadata
top_cytokines <- c("IL6", "IFNG", "IL4", "TNFA")
for (cyt in top_cytokines) {
result <- AddMetaData(result,
metadata = activity[cyt, ],
col.name = paste0(cyt, "_activity"))
}
# Violin plots
VlnPlot(result, features = paste0(top_cytokines, "_activity"), ncol = 2)
# Feature plots (requires UMAP/tSNE)
FeaturePlot(result, features = paste0(top_cytokines[1:2], "_activity"))DO: - Use diverging color schemes for activity scores - Cluster to reveal patterns - Annotate with cell types - Show scale bars
DON’T: - Over-plot (sample if >1000 cells) - Use rainbow colors for continuous data - Ignore outliers without justification
sessionInfo()
#> R version 4.6.1 (2026-06-24)
#> Platform: x86_64-pc-linux-gnu
#> Running under: Ubuntu 26.04.1 LTS
#>
#> Matrix products: default
#> BLAS: /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/openblas-pthread/libblas.so.3
#> LAPACK: /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/openblas-pthread/libopenblasp-r0.3.32.so; LAPACK version 3.12.0
#>
#> locale:
#> [1] LC_CTYPE=en_US.UTF-8 LC_NUMERIC=C
#> [3] LC_TIME=en_US.UTF-8 LC_COLLATE=en_US.UTF-8
#> [5] LC_MONETARY=en_US.UTF-8 LC_MESSAGES=en_US.UTF-8
#> [7] LC_PAPER=en_US.UTF-8 LC_NAME=C
#> [9] LC_ADDRESS=C LC_TELEPHONE=C
#> [11] LC_MEASUREMENT=en_US.UTF-8 LC_IDENTIFICATION=C
#>
#> time zone: Etc/UTC
#> tzcode source: system (glibc)
#>
#> attached base packages:
#> [1] stats graphics grDevices utils datasets methods base
#>
#> other attached packages:
#> [1] pheatmap_1.0.13 Seurat_5.6.0 SeuratObject_5.4.0 sp_2.2-4
#> [5] scaper_0.2.1 rmarkdown_2.32
#>
#> loaded via a namespace (and not attached):
#> [1] deldir_2.0-4 pbapply_1.7-5 gridExtra_2.3.1
#> [4] rlang_1.3.0 magrittr_2.0.5 RcppAnnoy_0.0.23
#> [7] otel_0.2.0 spatstat.geom_3.8-3 matrixStats_1.5.0
#> [10] ggridges_0.5.7 compiler_4.6.1 png_0.1-9
#> [13] vctrs_0.7.3 reshape2_1.4.5 stringr_1.6.0
#> [16] pkgconfig_2.0.3 fastmap_1.2.0 promises_1.5.0
#> [19] purrr_1.2.2 xfun_0.61 cachem_1.1.0
#> [22] jsonlite_2.0.0 goftest_1.2-3 later_1.4.8
#> [25] spatstat.utils_3.2-5 irlba_2.4.1 parallel_4.6.1
#> [28] cluster_2.1.8.3 R6_2.6.1 ica_1.0-3
#> [31] spatstat.data_3.1-9 bslib_0.12.0 stringi_1.8.9
#> [34] RColorBrewer_1.1-3 reticulate_1.47.0 spatstat.univar_3.2-0
#> [37] parallelly_1.48.0 lmtest_0.9-40 jquerylib_0.1.4
#> [40] scattermore_1.2 Rcpp_1.1.2 knitr_1.52
#> [43] tensor_1.5.1 future.apply_1.20.2 zoo_1.9-1
#> [46] sctransform_0.4.3 httpuv_1.6.17 Matrix_1.7-6
#> [49] splines_4.6.1 igraph_2.3.4 tidyselect_1.2.1
#> [52] abind_1.4-8 yaml_2.3.12 spatstat.random_3.5-2
#> [55] codetools_0.2-20 miniUI_0.1.2 spatstat.explore_3.8-3
#> [58] listenv_1.1.0 lattice_0.23-1 tibble_3.3.1
#> [61] plyr_1.8.9 shiny_1.14.0 S7_0.2.2
#> [64] ROCR_1.0-12 evaluate_1.0.5 Rtsne_0.17
#> [67] future_1.76.0 fastDummies_1.7.6 survival_3.8-12
#> [70] polyclip_1.10-7 xml2_1.6.0 fitdistrplus_1.2-6
#> [73] pillar_1.11.1 KernSmooth_2.23-27 plotly_4.12.1
#> [76] generics_0.1.4 RcppHNSW_0.7.0 ggplot2_4.0.3
#> [79] scales_1.4.0 globals_0.20.0 xtable_1.8-8
#> [82] glue_1.8.1 maketools_1.3.2 tools_4.6.1
#> [85] sys_3.4.3 data.table_1.18.6.1 RSpectra_0.16-2
#> [88] RANN_2.6.3 buildtools_1.0.0 dotCall64_1.2
#> [91] cowplot_1.2.0 grid_4.6.1 tidyr_1.3.2
#> [94] nlme_3.1-171 patchwork_1.3.2 cli_3.6.6
#> [97] spatstat.sparse_3.2-0 spam_2.11-4 viridisLite_0.4.3
#> [100] dplyr_1.2.1 uwot_0.2.5 gtable_0.3.6
#> [103] sass_0.4.10 digest_0.6.39 progressr_1.0.0
#> [106] ggrepel_0.9.8 htmlwidgets_1.6.4 farver_2.1.2
#> [109] htmltools_0.5.9 lifecycle_1.0.5 httr_1.4.9
#> [112] mime_0.13 MASS_7.3-66Author: Zaoqu Liu
GitHub: Zaoqu-Liu/scaper